What Is the National Bridge Inventory — and Why Does It Matter for Infrastructure Management?
The National Bridge Inventory (NBI) is the comprehensive federal database maintained by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) that contains records for every highway bridge in the United States meeting federal reporting thresholds — currently over 620,000 structures. The NBI stores standardized data on each bridge's location, structural characteristics, condition ratings, load capacity, traffic volume, and inspection history. It is the foundational data asset for US bridge infrastructure policy, funding allocation, safety oversight, and long-range planning at every level of government. What information does the National Bridge Inventory contain? Each NBI bridge record contains over 100 standardized data fields. Core data elements include geographic location, route designation, and ownership information; structural type, design, and materials; year of original construction and most recent reconstruction; deck area, span lengths, and bridge length; average daily traffic and t...